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目的:探讨导致机采血小板采集失败的影响因素并加以改进,以减少采集失败的发生率。方法:统计分析改进前后研究区间内的机采血小板资料,将失败案例汇总,分析原因。结果:原因共分为6类,其中献血者血细胞常规计数异常、乳糜血、献血不良反应、穿刺不成功及血肿是造成采集失败的主要原因,机采血小板采集失败总发生率为1.0%、血常规异常、乳糜血和血肿比改进前低(χ~2=40.728、72.102、14.598、8.173,P<0.05),而献血不良反应、穿刺不成功和其他在改进措施前后比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.218、3.110、0.386,P>0.05)。结论:机采血小板采集失败大多由献血者筛选过程不合理和工作人员操作失误导致。通过加强采集前检测分析与献血者筛选、采集时密切观察以及改进操作,可以有效规避。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and improve the factors that lead to the failure of collecting platelets in order to reduce the incidence of failed collection. Methods: Statistical analysis was made to improve the data of machine-platelets in the study area before and after the study. The failure cases were summarized and the reasons were analyzed. Results: The reasons were divided into 6 categories, including blood cell count abnormal blood cells, chylothorax, adverse blood donation, puncture failure and hematoma is the main reason for the failure of collection, the total failure rate of collecting platelets was 1.0%, blood Routine abnormalities, chylous hemorrhage and hematoma were lower than those before improvement (χ ~ 2 = 40.728,72.102,14.598,8.173, P <0.05), but no significant difference in blood donation adverse reactions, puncture and other improvements before and after treatment χ ~ 2 = 1.218,3.110,0.386, P> 0.05). Conclusion: The failure of collecting platelets by blood collection is mostly caused by unreasonable selection of blood donors and mistakes of staff members. By strengthening the pre-collection detection and analysis of blood donors screening, the collection of close observation and improvement of operations, can effectively circumvent.