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目的：探讨胸壁病变的计算机X线摄影(CR)和CT表现及其诊断价值，提高对胸壁病变的认识。材料和方法：回顾分析经手术病理、穿刺细胞学检查或临床随访资料证实的39例CR和CT资料。结果：感染组12例中(包括化脓性感染4例，胸壁结核8例)，CR准确诊断4例，CT诊断11例；软组织肿瘤组16例中(包括脂肪瘤7例，纤维肉瘤4例，血管瘤、神经纤维瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、侵袭性纤维瘤病和脂肪肉瘤各l例)，CR准确诊断3例，CT诊断14例；骨肿瘤和肿瘤样病变组11例中(包括骨纤维异常增殖症7例，软骨瘤2例，多发性骨髓瘤和骨嗜酸性肉芽肿各1例)，CR准确诊断8例，CT诊断10例。结论：CR简便，能诊断大多数胸壁骨性病变。CT对各种胸壁病变尤其是软组织病变的诊断较CR明显优越，对鉴别胸壁肿瘤的良恶性有肯定作用，但仍有一定限制。“,”Purpose: To analyze computed radiography (CR) and computed tomography (CT) findings of diseases of chest wall and to investigate the value of CR and CT in diagnosis of these diseases. Materials and Methods: The findings and diagnoses of 39 cases with proved (by fina needle biopsy, or surgory and/or pathology, of clinical follow up) chest wall disease were analysed retrospectively. Resulte: In 12 infective lesions, including purulent infection (4 cases) and tuberculosis (8 cases), the correct dignosis was made in 4cases by CR and in 11 cases by CT. In 16 soft tissue tumors, including lipoma (7 cases), fibrosarcoma (4 cases), hemangioma (1 case), neurofibroma (1 case), malignant fibrous histocytoma (1case), aggressive fibromatosis (1 case) and liposarcoma (1 case), the correct diagnosis was made in 3cases by CR and in 14 cases by CT. In 11 bone lesions, including fibrous dysplasia (7 cases), chondroma (2 cases), myeloma (lcase) and cosinophilic granuloma (1 case), the correct diagnosis was made in 8cases by CR and in 10 cases by CT. Conclusion: CR is useful in the dignosis of chest wall bone diseases. CT is obviously superior to CR for demonstration of all chest wall diseases espacially for soft tissue lesions. CT has definite value for the differentiation of malignant from benign tumore of chest wall, but still has certain limit.