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目的分析三明市历年疟疾流行特征、防治对策及成效。方法在疟疾流行高峰期,采取以消除传染源为主的综合性防治措施,在以嗜人按蚊传播媒介频现局部暴发时,采取以灭蚊为主及消除传染源为辅的防治对策。疟疾流行后期,采取以监测手段搜索传染源并根治的防治措施,巩固疟防成果。结果通过不同阶段的防治对策,收到较好的防治成效,疟疾发病率1970年最高(812.77/万),1986年起连续27年降至1/万以下,2009年起连续4年无本地感染病例,1993年达到卫生部基本消灭标准,2012年沙县达到消除疟疾的标准。结论通过采取不同的防治对策,历经63年后,三明市达到卫生部颁发的消除疟疾标准。
Objective To analyze the malaria epidemic characteristics, prevention and control measures and their effects in Sanming City over the years. Methods At the peak of the malaria epidemic, a comprehensive prevention and control strategy based on the elimination of the source of infection was adopted. When the outbreak was frequent in the Anopheles anthropophagus, anti-mosquito measures and control measures to eliminate sources of infection were supplemented. In the latter part of the malaria epidemic, surveillance measures were taken to search for and cure infectious diseases and consolidate the results of malaria prevention. Results The prevention and treatment measures were adopted at different stages and received good results in prevention and treatment. The incidence of malaria was the highest in 1970 (812.77 / million), dropping below 1 in 10,000 for 27 consecutive years in 1986 and no local infection for 4 consecutive years in 2009 In 1993, the Ministry of Health basically eliminated standards. In 2012, Shaxian County reached the standard of eliminating malaria. Conclusion After taking 63 different measures to prevent and control malaria, Sanming City met the malaria elimination standard issued by the Ministry of Health after 63 years.