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利用不同环境条件下的试验资料分析了遗传主效应和环境工作效应对籼稻5个外观品质性状的影响。结果表明，糙米长、糙米长宽比和糙米长厚比主要受制于遗传主效应，而糙米宽和糙米厚的表现则主要受到环境互作效应的影响。其中糙米长、糙米长宽比和糙米长厚比3个性状的遗传主效应以母体效应为主，而糙米宽和糙米厚的遗传主效应则以细胞质效应为主。在环境互作效应中，所有外观品质性状均以母体互作效应为主。基因的加性效应和加性互作效应是影响糙米长、糙米长宽比和糙米长厚比表现的主要因子，而糙米宽和糙米厚则主要受制于基因的显性效应。遗传效应预测值结果表明，浙协2号A、协青早A、V2oA、测早2－2等是改良杂交后代稻米外观品质性状的良好条本，其中浙协2号A亲本的外观品质性状预测值在两年中的环境互作效应较为一致，不易受到外界条件的影响。
The effects of genetic main effects and environmental effects on five appearance quality traits in indica rice were analyzed using the experimental data under different environmental conditions. The results showed that the ratio of length to breadth of brown rice to brown rice was mainly affected by the genetic major effect, while that of brown rice and brown rice was mainly affected by environmental interaction. Among them, the main effect of the three main characters of brown rice length, brown rice aspect ratio, brown rice aspect ratio and brown rice length to thickness ratio is maternal effect, while the main genetic effect of brown rice width and brown rice thickness is cytoplasmic effect. In the environment interaction effect, all the appearance quality traits are dominated by the maternal interaction effect. The additive effect and additive effect of genes are the main factors that affect the performance of brown rice, the aspect ratio of brown rice and the ratio of length to thickness of brown rice, while the width of brown rice and the thickness of brown rice are mainly controlled by the dominant effect of genes. The results of genetic effect prediction showed that Zhejian No.2 A, Xieqingzao A, V2oA and Zaocezian 2-2 were the good items for improving the appearance quality traits of rice in the offspring of the cross, in which the appearance quality traits The predicted effect of environmental interaction in the two years is more consistent and less susceptible to external conditions.