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关于小麦胚囊发育的研究,国外文献中已有一些记载,国内尚未见有过系统的报导。作为籽粒形成过程中最初的一个重要环节,在前人工作的基础上,我们研究了不同熟期的春小麦品种胚囊的发生、生长和成熟的进程。同时也观察、记载了雄性细胞的这一过程,作为说明结实过程的一项基础。 春麦胚囊发育始于幼穗分化第Ⅷ期。我们把胚囊发育的全过程划分为8个时期:(1)大孢子母细胞形成期;(2)大孢子母细胞减数分裂期;(3)单核胚囊期;(4)2—4核胚囊期;(5)8核胚囊期;(6)胚襄8细胞形成期;(7)胚囊充实期;(8)胚囊完熟期。 本文对胚囊发育过程中各组成分子在形态和结构上的变化作了比较详细的描述;对胚囊发育的营养问题也作了讨论。
On the development of wheat embryo sac research, there are some foreign literature records, there have been no systematic reports. As the first important step in the process of grain formation, based on previous work, we studied the process of embryo sac development, maturation and maturation in spring wheat cultivars with different maturities. This process of male cells is also observed and documented as a basis for illustrating the process of seed setting. The development of embryo sac of spring wheat starts from stage Ⅷ of spike differentiation. We divide the whole process of embryo sac development into eight stages: (1) megaspore mother cell formation period; (2) megaspore mother cell meiosis stage; (3) mononuclear embryo sac stage; (4) 2- 4 nucleus embryo sac stage; 5) 8 nucleus embryo sac stage; (6) Embryo 8 cell formation stage; (7) Embryo sac enriching stage; In this paper, the morphological and structural changes of the components in the process of embryo sac development were described in detail. The nutritional problems of embryo sac development were also discussed.