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磁尾矿是包头白云鄂博矿经磁选后产生的尾矿,含有大量的稀土和氟资源,对其开发利用具有重大的环境和经济价值。利用F-B强的配位能力采用硼化物焙烧抑氟-盐酸浸出法,以硼砂为抑氟剂,650℃焙烧1.0 h后,稀土矿中RE-F的结合能力被高温下活泼的B弱化,焙烧混合矿继续在80℃条件下4.0 mol·L-1HCl中浸出3.0 h,氟浸出率为96.52%,稀土最大浸出率为76.68%。同样采用P204对浸出液进行萃取,稀土进入有机相,实现了氟、稀土的两相分离,萃余液中添加K+并调节pH,沉淀得氟硼酸钾,产物杂质单一,基本实现了氟的资源化和稀土与氟的分离。
Magnetic tailings are the tailings produced by magnetic separation of the Bayan Obo mine in Baotou and contain a large amount of rare earth and fluorine resources, which have great environmental and economic value for their development and utilization. Using the strong coordination ability of FB, boric acid fluoride-hydrochloric acid leaching method, borax as fluoride inhibitor, 650 ℃ calcination for 1.0 h, RE-F rare earth ore RE-F binding capacity is weak under high temperature active B, roasting The mixed ore continued to leach in 4.0 mol·L-1HCl at 80 ℃ for 3.0 h, the fluorine leaching rate was 96.52% and the maximum leaching rate of rare earth was 76.68%. The same extraction of P204 leaching solution, rare earth into the organic phase, the realization of fluorine, rare earth two-phase separation, raffinate added K + and adjust the pH, precipitated potassium fluoborate, the product impurities a single, basically realized the resource of fluorine And rare earth and fluorine separation.