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水下常规弹药引信可利用外置涡轮获得其自身运动速度,研究高速旋转涡轮的空化特性对引信测速、测距误差的分析具有重要意义。该文从空化的发生和发展机理出发,针对水流速度为10m/s和8m/s下的不同空化数,分别利用数值仿真和空化水洞实验对涡轮空化形态和动力学特性进行了研究,并分析了空化条件下的涡轮转动。根据仿真和实验的结果,对涡轮空化发展的各阶段特征进行了分析比较。结果表明,数值方法能较好的预测涡轮空化的发展规律和空化下的涡轮动力特性;在一定的水流速度下,涡轮的转动速度随空化数的降低先略有升高然后降低;在一些水流速度和空化数下,涡轮转速信号具有明显的低频周期性变化。
Underwater conventional fuze fuze can use the external turbine to obtain its own velocity, the study of cavitation characteristics of high-speed rotating turbine fuze speed, ranging error analysis is of great significance. Based on the occurrence and development mechanism of cavitation, aiming at the different cavitation numbers with flow velocities of 10m / s and 8m / s, the cavitation morphology and kinetic characteristics of the turbine were studied respectively by numerical simulation and cavitation tunnel experiments The study also analyzed the turbine rotation under cavitation condition. According to the results of simulation and experiment, the characteristics of each stage of the development of turbine cavitation are analyzed and compared. The numerical results show that the numerical method can predict the development of turbine cavitation and the dynamic characteristics of turbine under cavitation. At a certain flow rate, the rotational speed of turbine increases slightly and then decreases with the decrease of cavitation number. At some water velocities and cavitation numbers, turbo speed signals have significant low-frequency periodic changes.