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目的:探讨早产低出生体重儿采用早期间歇持续微量喂养的护理要点和效果。方法:将在NICU住院60例早产极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)随机分入观察组与对照组,每组30例。对照组在患儿出生24 h后采用常规胃管喂养法,观察组患儿在对照组的常规治疗护理基础上,出生后24 h内给予间歇持续微量喂养,采用微量输液泵通过胃管持续间断泵入每天奶量,时间2 h喂1次,滴入2 h后暂停2 h,当VLBWI每次奶量增加至15~20 mL/kg体重时将2 h喂养1次改为3 h喂1次。停止鼻饲后比较两组效果。结果:观察组与对照组喂养不耐受率分别为6.6%、30%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组每日体质量增长量显著高于对照组(P<0.01);观察组达完全胃肠道喂养时间、吸吮吞咽功能建立时间及住院时间显著少于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:认真细致地执行间歇持续微量喂养方案,有利于vLBwI的生长发育,可大大提高极VLBWI的生存率及生命质量,值得推广。
Objective: To explore the points and effects of early intermittent continuous low-dose infant nursing with intermittent micronutrient feeding. Methods: 60 preterm low birth weight infants (VLBWI) hospitalized in NICU were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 30 cases in each group. The control group was given routine gastric tube feeding 24 hours after birth, while the observation group was given intermittent continuous micro-feeding within 24 hours after birth on the basis of routine treatment and care of the control group. Pumped into the daily milk, feeding time 2 h, 2 h after the drop was suspended for 2 h, each time VLBWI milk volume increased to 15 ~ 20 mL / kg body weight 2 h feeding 1 to 3 h feed 1 Times. After stopping the nasal feeding, the two groups were compared. Results: The rates of feeding intolerance in observation group and control group were 6.6% and 30%, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.01). The daily body weight increment in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01). The time of complete gastrointestinal feeding, the time of sucking and swallowing and the length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The careful and meticulous implementation of intermittent continuous micronutrient feeding scheme is beneficial to the growth and development of vLBwI, which can greatly improve the survival rate and quality of life of VLBWI. It is worth promoting.