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19世纪的历史语言学通过形态和基本词汇的系统对应确定同源关系,通过对应中显示的差异划分谱系树、重建原始语言。一个多世纪以来,这一套工作程序被证明为历史语言学的重要基石。随着研究的深入,所比较的语言的增多,已有的工作程序被证明是非常必要的,但是还不够充分,还不能完成19世纪历史比较语言学设定的同源判定、谱系划分、原始语言重建等几个重要任务。同时,随着研究的深入展开,关于语言起源和语言演变的一些新的重要问题开始呈现出来,这些问题有些不在早期历史语言学的视野中。本次笔谈就目前历史语言学存在的问题和今后可能出现的研究趋势进行了讨论,我们希望有更多的学者加入这一探讨,共同来拓展历史语言学的视野,推动历史语言学的新发展。
In the 19th century, historical linguistics established homologous relationships through the systematic correspondence of morphology and basic vocabulary, and then divided the pedigree trees according to the differences shown in the correspondence to reconstruct the original language. For more than a century, this set of work procedures has proved to be an important cornerstone of historical linguistics. With the deepening of research and the increase in the number of languages compared, the existing work procedures have proved to be very necessary, but they are not yet sufficient. They can not yet complete the cognate judgment, pedigree division and primitive Language reconstruction and several other important tasks. At the same time, with the deepening of the research, some new and important issues concerning the origin of language and the evolution of language began to emerge. Some of these problems are not in the field of early historical linguistics. This writing discusses the current problems in historical linguistics and the possible future research trends. We hope that more scholars will join this discussion to jointly expand the horizon of historical linguistics and promote the new development of historical linguistics .