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柏拉图哲学有没有一个系统?只从柏拉图的对话录里似乎很难构建出一个系统。本论文将尝试在柏拉图学园的背景中回答这个问题。因为对柏拉图学园的学生们来说,一个很普遍的情况是他们不仅拥有外传著作,而且还有内传著作。所以,如果柏拉图除了对话录外,也有只为学园内学生创作的内传学说或者未成文学说,也就不奇怪了。这个假设立刻得到了亚里士多德、柏拉图其他学生以及其他古代作家的文献的证实。这些文献都提到了柏拉图《论善》的演讲。在本论文里,作者通过重构柏拉图这些演讲的内容来重建柏拉图的哲学系统,然后讨论柏拉图内传学说与外传学说(柏拉图的对话录)之间的关系。在文章的结尾,作者基于对柏拉图系统的重构,重新定位柏拉图哲学在古代哲学史上的角色,并重塑了一个新的柏拉图哲学的形象。
Is there a system in Platonic philosophy? It seems very difficult to construct a system from Plato’s dialogues. This thesis will try to answer this question in the context of the Platonic Academy. Because it is quite common for students at Platonic to learn that not only do they have external writings, but also written works. Therefore, it is not surprising that if Plato, besides the dialogues, had internal or unwritten doctrines only for students in the academy, This assumption was immediately confirmed by the writings of Aristotle, other Plato students, and other ancient writers. These references all mention Plato’s “good” speech. In this paper, the author reconstructs Plato’s philosophical system by reconstructing the contents of Plato’s lectures, and then discusses the relationship between the Platonic doctrine and the doctrine of the outer space (Dialogue of Plato). At the end of the article, based on the reconstruction of the Platonic system, the author repositions the role of Platonic philosophy in the history of ancient philosophy and reshapes the image of a new Platonic philosophy.