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目的通过对深圳市福田区社区中老年人脑卒中的调查分析,为脑卒中的社区干预提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法对深圳市福田区3 642名≥40岁常住人口进行问卷调查,按照国家卫生部《脑卒中高危人群初筛评估简表》进行筛查,并进行血糖、血脂、血压、身高、体重的检测。结果脑卒中患病率为1.18%,TIA患病率3.08%,高危人群发生率30.83%,男性脑卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患病率和高危人群发生率分别为1.65%、3.82%、38.51%,分别是女性脑卒中患病率(0.77%)、TIA患病率(2.42%)和高危人群发生率(24.11%)的2.14、1.58、1.60倍,差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为5.93、5.96、88.09,P均<0.05)。脑卒中、TIA患病率随年龄的增长而升高,高危人群发生率随年龄的增长而降低,脑卒中患病率、高危人群发生率随文化程度升高而降低,TIA患病率不同文化程度患病率差异无统计学意义。结论脑卒中的社区干预应重点加强男性、文化程度低及中年社区人群的一级预防。
Objective To investigate the community stroke in Futian District of Shenzhen City for the purpose of providing a scientific basis for community intervention in stroke. Methods A total of 3 642 permanent residents aged 40 years or more in Futian District of Shenzhen City were enrolled in the study. The patients were screened by National Ministry of Health in accordance with “Summary Table for Primary Screening of High-risk Stroke Populations in Stroke”, and blood glucose, Blood pressure, height, weight detection. Results The prevalence of stroke was 1.18%, the prevalence of TIA was 3.08% and the incidence of high risk population was 30.83%. The prevalence of stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA) and the incidence of high risk population were 1.65% 3.82%, and 38.51%, respectively, which were respectively 2.14, 1.58 and 1.60 times higher than that of female (0.77%), TIA (2.42%) and high risk group (24.11%) χ2 were 5.93,5.96,88.09, P <0.05). Stroke, TIA prevalence increased with age, the incidence of high-risk groups with age decreased, the prevalence of stroke, the incidence of high-risk groups with the education level decreased, TIA prevalence of different cultures The prevalence of the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Community intervention in stroke should focus on strengthening male, low educational level and primary prevention of middle-aged community population.