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1914年,一帮第一、第二代的欧洲移民在美国加州建立了好莱坞,随后在1917年以派拉蒙影业公司为代表,开始垂直垄断电影的制作、发行与放映。从此一直到五十年代,好莱坞的几个大的电影公司基本上控制了电影行滑,五十年代开始出现电影史上另外一种新奇的景观:独立制作的影片。 好莱坞统治下的影片采取的是流水生产线。许多有杰出才能的导演都得受没有多少艺术见解的老板的控制。少数称得上是作者的导演囿于传统商业运作
In 1914, a group of first- and second-generation European immigrants established Hollywood in California, USA, and subsequently began filming, distribution and screening of vertically monopolized films in 1917 with Paramount Pictures as the representative. From then until the fifties, several major studios in Hollywood basically controlled the movie's slide. In the 1950s, another novel landscape in film history began to emerge: an independent film. Hollywood rule film to take is the assembly line. Many directors with outstanding talent are under the control of bosses who do not have much artistic insight. A handful of writers call themselves directors in traditional business practices