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本文对上古楚方言“褐”、“也”、“陵”、“思”等的音、义从历时和共时方面进行了考释.认为上古楚方言在春秋时期已形成一大方言语种,到战国时期它发展成为影响很大的方言语系,与华夏通语及北方各国语言存在着很大差异.到秦汉,由于中央集权统一国家的形成,南北文化的进一步交流,楚语楚文化处于转化期;随着楚文化同北方文化的融合,楚方言大多数词汇都融入华夏共同语中去了;一部分楚语词汇“死”去,无人再用.仅有少数词语仍然活在后世楚地人的语言中.
In this paper, the tone and meaning of the ancient Chu dialect “brown”, “also”, “mausoleum”, “thinking” and so on are examined from diachronic and synchronic perspectives.It is considered that the ancient Chu dialect has formed a dialectal language in the Spring and Autumn Period, During the Warring States period, it developed into a dialect family with great influence, which differed greatly from that of Huaxia Mandarin and northern languages. In the Qin and Han dynasties, due to the formation of a centralized state and the further exchange of North and South cultures, ; With the integration of Chu culture and Northern culture, most of the words in Chu dialect are integrated into the Chinese common language; some of the Chu language words are “dead,” and no one reuses. Only a few words still live in the later Chu people In the language.