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该文设计一种基于夹心式压电陶瓷结构的刀具超声激振机构,用于超声振动辅助金刚石刀具进行超精密切削。通过分析超精密切削技术需求,提出了激振机构结构设计方案,进行了解析设计和有限元仿真分析,制作出激振机构,进行了性能测试,并开展了超声振动辅助切削的可行性实验。研制的激振机构可实现频率42.0kHz、振幅峰峰值8μm的超声激振,并在超声振动辅助金刚石刀具超精密切削中表现出良好效果,切削模具钢工件端面达到表面粗糙度Ra 0.018～0.05μm。
This paper designs a tool ultrasonic vibration mechanism based on a sandwich piezoelectric ceramic structure for ultrasonic vibration assisted diamond cutting tool for ultra-precision cutting. Through analyzing the demand of ultra-precision cutting technology, the design scheme of vibration excitation mechanism was put forward. Analytical design and finite element simulation analysis were carried out. The exciting mechanism was made, the performance test was carried out, and the feasibility experiment of ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting was carried out. The developed excitation mechanism can realize the ultrasonic vibration with the frequency of 42.0kHz and the peak amplitude of 8μm and the ultrasonic vibration assisted diamond cutter with super precision cutting. The end surface of the cutting tool steel reaches the surface roughness Ra 0.018 ~ 0.05μm .