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以典型黑土区水曲柳林、落叶松林、樟子松林、云杉林及撂荒地为对象,通过对土壤容重、非毛管孔隙/毛管孔隙(NCP/CP)、广义土壤结构指数(GSSI)的测定、计算与对比分析,研究了不同类型人工水土保持林对土壤结构性特征的影响。结果表明:在所研究的0-30cm土层范围内,水曲柳林和落叶松林在降低土壤容重方面略好于樟子松林和云杉林,降低幅度为8.04%-1 1.01%,落叶松林与云杉林和樟子松林之间差异均达显著水平(p<0.05),而水曲柳林仅与云杉林差异显著(p<0.05);林地土壤的平均NCP/CP值均显著高于撂荒地(p<0.05),增加幅度范围为59.75%～128.82%,土壤透气性、透水性能力提高,并以落叶松林提高幅度最大;各林地的平均GSSI值均显著高于撂荒地(p<0.05),增加幅度范围为2.98%-4.36%,说明林分可以有效改善土壤结构,使其能够更加接近旱地土壤理想结构,以水曲柳林和云杉林改良效果相对较强,但实现趋近理想土壤结构的途径、即相态的变化方式有所不同。研究结果可为科学评价典型黑土区植被恢复对土壤质量的影响和深入系统研究水土保持林构建提供理论依据。图3表2参17。
Based on the results of soil bulk density, NCP / CP, GSSI (generalized soil structure index) in typical black soil areas, such as Fraxinus mandshurica, Larix gmelinii, Pinus sylvestris var. The effects of different types of artificial soil-water conservation forests on soil structural characteristics were studied. The results showed that in the range of 0-30cm soil layer, the Fraxinus mandshurica forest and the Larix gmelinii forest were slightly better than Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica and Picea koraiensis in decreasing the bulk density of the soil, decreasing by 8.04% -1 1.01% And Picea mongolica and Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica were significantly different (p <0.05), but the differences were only significant between Picea mongolica and Picea mongolica (p <0.05). The average soil NCP / CP values were significantly higher In the fallow land (p <0.05), the range of increase was 59.75% -128.82%, the soil permeability and water permeability were improved, and the Larix olgensis forest had the highest increase rate. The average GSSI value of each forest land was significantly higher than that of the fallow land <0.05). The range of increase ranged from 2.98% to 4.36%, indicating that stand can effectively improve the soil structure and make it more close to the ideal structure of dryland soil. Approaches to ideal soil structure, that is, the way the phase change is different. The results provide a theoretical basis for scientifically evaluating the impact of vegetation restoration on soil quality in a typical black soil area and establishing a systematic and systematic study on soil and water conservation forest. Figure 3 Table 2 Reference 17.