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生物受到适量的射线照射后,有时会发生遗传性的突变,利用这种突变可以改良品种。苏联早在1945年就在农业上应用放射性同位素和核射线,研究植物生理过程的发展变化规律,并依据其规律性,为育种生产开辟了广阔的前途。一、日本在林木育种上,建立了一所70公顷的射线育种场,用的是钴~(60)2000居里射线源。射线源露出地面2米,γ射线向圆形照射场辐射。圆形照射场是一个半径100米的防护墙,以遮蔽直射射线。在射线源外,为了防止散乱射线射出,覆盖一个直径1米、厚30厘米、重10吨的铅盖,因而直射射线高度不能超过5米。场外部分有射线源遥控室、研究室和工作室。这所射线育种场的优点是可以在自然环境下大量照射大型植物,并可用弱射线
After the organism is exposed to the appropriate amount of radiation, genetic mutations sometimes occur and the mutation can be used to improve the species. As early as 1945, the Soviet Union used radioisotopes and nuclear rays in agriculture to study the laws of the development and changes of plant physiological processes and opened up broad prospects for breeding according to its regularity. First, Japan has established a 70 hectare ray breeding farm on tree breeding using a Cobalt (60) 2000 Curie ray source. Radiation source exposed 2 meters on the ground, γ-ray radiation to the circular irradiation field. The circular irradiation field is a protective wall of 100 meters in radius to shield the direct rays. Outside the source of rays, in order to prevent scattered radiation from being emitted, cover a lead cap with a diameter of 1 m, a thickness of 30 cm and a weight of 10 tons so that the direct ray height can not exceed 5 m. Off-site part of the ray source remote control room, laboratory and studio. This ray breeding farm has the advantage of being able to irradiate a large number of large plants in a natural environment and to use weak rays