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在跨入21世纪的历史转折时期,冷战结束和科技进步将人类社会发展推入了新一轮的竞争。这轮竞争的特点将是:以经济为核心,以科技为基础,以全球为竞场。政府加强对科学技术发展的干预。现今,全世界工作在各行各业的科学技术工作者有上千万人,直接从事研究开发工作的科学家和工程师,估计不少于500万人,每年的研究开发经费约有4000亿美元。为了保证国家的研究开发能顺利进行,并从中取得尽可能大的回报,政府必须制定战略和政策,作出规划,编制预算,培养人才,发展研究开发设施,组织重大项目的实
In the turning point of the 21st century, the end of the cold war and progress in science and technology pushed human development into a new round of competition. The characteristics of this round of competition will be as follows: taking economy as the core, science and technology as the basis, and global competition as the market. The government stepped up its intervention in the development of science and technology. Nowadays, there are tens of millions of scientists and engineers working in research and development in all walks of life in the world, with an estimated number of scientists and engineers of no less than 5 million and an annual research and development funding of about 400 billion U.S. dollars. In order to ensure that the research and development of a country can proceed smoothly and obtain the maximum possible return therefrom, the government must formulate strategies and policies, make plans, prepare budgets, train personnel, develop research and development facilities, and organize the implementation of major projects