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目的掌握武隆县肺结核流行病学特征,为肺结核有效控制提供决策依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析肺结核流行特征。结果武隆县2002-2011年共报告肺结核6 372例,死亡10例,年平均发病率157.21/10万,病死率0.16%,死亡率0.25/10万。菌(+)、菌(-)和未痰检病例分别占39.4%、27.2%和33.4%。肺结核疫情呈先升后降趋势,无明显季节性。以2007年发病率200.0/10万为最高,2011年发病率121.5/10万为最低,各乡镇年平均发病率极不平衡,最高为225.1/10万,最低为57.66/10万。职业分布以农民为主占71%。男性发病4 198例,发病率193.4/10万,女性发病2 174例,发病率110.9%,男女发病比值为1.93。肺结核发病率随年龄增加呈上升趋势,60岁以上组发病率最高为201.3/10万。武隆县结防机构共诊治5 053例,占79.3%,2008年后均超过90%。结论提示农民、学生和老年人群是今后武隆县肺结核病防治的工作重点。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Wulong County and provide evidence for the effective control of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Results A total of 6 372 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Wulong County from 2002 to 2011, with 10 deaths. The average annual incidence rate was 157.21 / 100 000 with a case fatality rate of 0.16% and a mortality rate of 0.25 / 100,000. Bacteria (+), bacteria (-) and non-phlegm cases accounted for 39.4%, 27.2% and 33.4% respectively. Pulmonary tuberculosis epidemic first and then downward trend, no significant seasonal. The incidence was 200.0 / 100000 in 2007, the highest incidence of 121.5 / 100000 in 2011 as the lowest, the annual average incidence of townships extremely uneven, up to 225.1 / 100,000, the lowest was 57.66 / 100,000. Occupation mainly farmers accounted for 71%. There were 4 198 cases of males, with an incidence of 193.4 / 100 000, 2 174 cases of females, with a morbidity of 110.9% and a ratio of males to females of 1.93. The incidence of tuberculosis increased with increasing age, the highest incidence of over 60 years old was 201.3 / 100000. There were 5 053 cases of knot-prevention and treatment in Wulong County, accounting for 79.3% of the total, all exceeding 90% after 2008. Conclusions suggest that farmers, students and the elderly population in the future Wulong County tuberculosis prevention and treatment priorities.