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鋁电解槽碳阴极的稳定性,是与在固体碳素材料表面和熔融电解质及鋁的界面上产生的表面吸附现象和毛細现象密切有关。由于电解溫度很高,电流密度較大,以及熔融电解质化学活性很大,給电解制鋁时电极的操作带来了极其恶劣的条件。碳阴极的稳定性不仅取决于阴极的材料,而且在很大程度上取决于决定电解质—鋁—碳阴极—电解质相界双电层結构的电解质的成分。
The stability of the carbon cathode of the aluminum reduction cell is closely related to the phenomenon of surface adsorption and capillarity that occurs on the interface between the solid carbonaceous material and the molten electrolyte and aluminum. As the electrolysis temperature is high, the current density is large, and the chemical activity of the molten electrolyte is great, to the electrolysis of aluminum electrode operation brings extremely harsh conditions. The stability of the carbon cathode depends not only on the material of the cathode but also on the composition of the electrolyte that determines the structure of the electrolyte-aluminum-carbon cathode-electrolyte phase boundary electric double layer.