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目的摸清广西MS县到海南金矿外出务工农民工矽肺病患病情况,探讨和研究外出务工农民尘肺病防控措施。方法采用流行病学调查的方法,对广西MS县曾经到过海南金矿务工的在家农民工进行调查,并拍摄高千伏X射线胸片,依据国家《尘肺诊断标准》进行诊断和分期。结果356名被调查者中,确诊矽肺病152例,检出率为42.70%,矽肺合并肺结核占25.66%,越期诊断率高达57.89%,矽肺病患者平均接尘工龄为3.9年,平均患病年龄39岁。结论工作场所环境恶劣、矿主未采取职业病预防控制措施、农民工缺乏职业病防治知识和自我保护意识、政府监管不力等诸多因素,可能是导致广西MS县农民工矽肺病高发的主要原因。
Aim To find out the prevalence of silicosis among migrant workers who migrate from MS County, Hainan Province to Hainan Province, and to explore and study the prevention and control measures of migrant workers’ pneumoconiosis. Methods Epidemiological survey methods were used to investigate the migrant workers at home in MS County, Guangxi Province who had been to gold workers in gold mine and to make high-kV X-ray chest radiographs for diagnosis and staging according to the national diagnostic criteria for pneumoconiosis. Results Of the 356 respondents, 152 cases were diagnosed as silicosis, the detection rate was 42.70%, silicosis with tuberculosis was 25.66%, the overdiagnosis rate was as high as 57.89%, and the average dusting service was 3.4 years Age 39 years old. Conclusion The factors such as poor working environment, lack of occupational disease prevention and control measures by mine owners, lack of knowledge of prevention and control of migrant workers and awareness of self-protection and poor government supervision may be the main reasons for the high incidence of silicosis in migrant workers in MS County of Guangxi.