论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解我国县级医院慢性阻塞性肺疾病（简称慢阻肺）诊治及管理能力现状。方法:本研究由中国县域医院院长联盟主导，于2021年对县域范围内全国24个省份，633所二级及以上医院进行问卷调查，根据被调查医院2020年度实际情况进行填写，主要包括诊治、非药物治疗、康复、综合管理等方面。医院级别分为二级或三级，医院性质分为公立或民营，医院类别分为综合或专科，经济地带分为东部、中部或西部。通过问卷内容探索我国县级医院慢阻肺相关诊治及管理情况的影响因素。结果:本次调查共回收问卷633份，去掉信息填写有误及空缺共计26份，最终共纳入607份，其中二级医院425家，三级医院182家；公立医院591家，民营医院16家。三级医院呼吸专科门诊、慢阻肺专病门诊、门诊综合诊疗室、呼吸专科普通病房、重症监护病房开设率均显著高于二级医院（94.5%比78.4%、51.1%比32.7%、79.7%比67.3%、84.6%比59.8%、78.6%比61.9%）（均n P<0.01），肺功能检查及支气管舒张试验开展率也均显著高于二级医院（均n P0.05），但二级医院三联吸入用支气管舒张剂配备率较低。综合医院疫苗接种开展率显著高于专科医院（52.7%比28.1%，n P=0.010），三级医院戒烟指导开展率显著高于二级医院（98.4%比94.4%，n P=0.031）。三级医院康复开展率显著高于二级医院（79.7%比61.9%，n P<0.001）。慢阻肺长期管理开展率三级医院显著高于二级医院，公立医院显著高于民营医院（80.2%比61.2%和68.2%比18.8%）（均n P<0.001）。n 结论:我国县域医院在慢阻肺诊治能力上总体表现较好，但在非药物治疗、康复、综合管理上还有待进一步提高，医院级别是影响慢阻肺管理能力的主要因素，同时医院性质、医院类别的影响主要体现在科室建设及综合管理上。“,”Objective:To understand the current management status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in county-level hospitals in China from 2020 to 2021.Methods:This survey was led by the China Association of County Hospital President. In 2021, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 633 secondary and tertiary hospitals from 24 provinces, and the questionnaire was filled out according to the actual situation of the hospital in 2020, including diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and comprehensive management of COPD. The nature of the hospital was divided into public or private. The type of hospital was divided into general or specialist. The economic zones was divided into eastern, central or western. Through the content of the questionnaire, the influencing factors of the diagnosis, treatment and management capabilities of COPD in county-level hospitals were explored.Results:A total of 633 questionnaires were collected in this survey, and 26 were removed due to the incorrect information or information loss. Thus, a total of 607 questionnaires were finally included in this survey, including 425 secondary hospitals and 182 tertiary hospitals; 591 public hospitals and 16 private hospitals. For the capabilities of diagnosis and treatment, the tertiary hospital was significantly better than the secondary hospital on the availability of respiratory outpatient clinics, COPD outpatient clinics, outpatient comprehensive clinics, respiratory ward and intensive care unit (ICU) (94.5% and 78.4%, 51.1% and 32.7%, 79.7% and 67.3 %, 84.6% and 59.8%, 78.6% and 61.9%, respectively) (all n P<0.01). In terms of lung function test and bronchodilation test, tertiary hospitals performed significantly better than secondary hospitals (n P0.05). However, the proportion of hospitals with available triple inhalation drugs was lower in secondary hospitals than tertiary hospitals. For the non-drug treatment, the proportion of general hospitals carrying out vaccination was significantly higher than that of specialized hospitals (52.7% and 28.1%,n P=0.010). The tertiary hospitals performed significantly better than secondary hospitals in smoking cessation guidance (98.4% and 94.4%, n P=0.031). In terms of rehabilitation, tertiary hospitals also performed significantly better than secondary hospitals (79.7% and 61.9%, n P<0.001). The proportion of hospitals carrying out long-term management of COPD in tertiary hospitals was significantly higher than secondary hospitals, and the proportion in public hospitals was significantly higher than private hospitals (80.2% and 61.2%, 68.2% and 18.8%, bothn P<0.001).n Conclusions:County hospitals in China have a good overall performance in the diagnosis and drug treatment of COPD, but need to be further improved in non-drug treatment, rehabilitation, and comprehensive management. The hospital level is the main factor affecting the management ability of COPD. The nature and type of hospital mainly affect the construction of departments and comprehensive management of COPD.