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鼻息肉的典型组织形态学特征为嗜酸性粒细胞集聚及结缔组织毁损。目前局部和全身用皮质类固醇是鼻息肉药物治疗的首选。如果药物治疗失败,则为手术适应证,但术后常需要药物维持。用其他药物经验很少,如抗组胺药、白三烯拮抗剂和呋塞米,一般加在皮质类固醇治疗的部分病人中。对皮质类固醇或手术无反应者用阿司匹林脱敏疗法是一种选择。近来新的治疗途径是,使用特定靶向嗜酸性粒细胞聚集(趋化因子受体3,eotaxin)、炎症(白细胞介素-4,-5,-13)和免疫球蛋白E的药物,或者用降低金属蛋白酶活性的药物以减轻组织重构。
Typical histomorphological features of nasal polyps are eosinophilic and connective tissue damage. Currently, topical and systemic corticosteroids are the first choice for nasal polyps drug treatment. If the medical treatment fails, then the indications for surgery, but often require medication to maintain. Less experience with other drugs, such as antihistamines, leukotriene antagonists and furosemide, generally added to corticosteroid treatment in some patients. Aspirin desensitization is an option for people who do not respond to corticosteroids or surgery. Recently new therapeutic approaches have been the use of drugs that specifically target eotaxin, inflammation (interleukin-4, -5, -13) and immunoglobulin E, or Medications that reduce the activity of metalloproteases to reduce tissue remodeling.