论文部分内容阅读
目的了解梧州市2005—2014年学校突发公共卫生事件发生特点,为采取有效防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2005—2014年梧州市通过“突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统”报告的学校突发公共卫生事件信息进行整理,采用描述流行病学方法和SPSS 18.0进行分析。结果梧州市2005—2014年共报告学校突发公共卫生事件132起,发病7 846人,死亡1人。市辖区、蒙山县、藤县、苍梧县、岑溪市罹患率分别为6.30%、7.89%、4.37%、4.66%、0.29%为0.29%,各地区罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ2=827.046,P<0.01)。发病呈双峰分布,高峰分别发生在4—6月和9—12月。小学67起(50.76%),中学40起(30.30%),幼托机构17起(12.88%)和大中专院校8起(6.06%),中小学和幼托机构的发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 173.903,P<0.01)。传染病事件125起(94.70%),食物中毒6起(4.55%),其他中毒1起。传染病事件以甲型H1N1流感(53起)、水痘(19起)、流行性感冒(14起)等呼吸道传染病为主(87.20%)。结论学校是突发公共卫生事件发生的主要场所,加强中小学呼吸道传染病的防控是学校突发公共卫生事件控制的关键。
Objective To understand the characteristics of school public health emergencies in Wuzhou from 2005 to 2014 and provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control measures. Methods The school public health emergency information reported by Wuzhou City from 2005 to 2014 through the “Public Health Emergencies Reporting Management Information System” was sorted out and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method and SPSS 18.0. Results A total of 132 public health emergencies were reported in Wuzhou from 2005 to 2014, with 7 846 cases and 1 death. The prevalence rates of municipal districts, Mengshan County, Tengxian County, Cangwu County and Cenxi City were 6.30%, 7.89%, 4.37%, 4.66% and 0.29% respectively, and the prevalence rates among all regions were statistically significant (χ2 = 827.046, P <0.01). The incidence of bimodal distribution, the peak occurred in April-June and September-December. There were 67 primary schools (50.76%), 40 secondary schools (30.30%), 17 kindergartens (12.88%) and 8 secondary vocational schools (6.06%). There were statistics on the incidence of primary and secondary school and child care institutions Significance (χ2 = 1 173.903, P <0.01). 125 cases of infectious diseases (94.70%), 6 cases of food poisoning (4.55%) and 1 case of other poisoning. Infectious diseases were mainly reported as respiratory infections (87.20%), such as Influenza A (H1N1) (53), chickenpox (19), and influenza (14). Conclusions The school is the main place of public health emergencies. Strengthening the prevention and control of respiratory diseases in primary and secondary schools is the key to the control of school public health emergencies.