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目的了解北京市密云区中小学生尿酸(UA)水平分布情况及相关影响因素,为进一步开展高尿酸血症(HUA)相关疾病的早期预防提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样法,抽取本地区6~14岁中小学生558人作为调查对象进行问卷调查,测定身高、体重、腰围及计算体质指数(BMI指数);采用全自动生化分析仪测定学生血尿酸、空腹血糖和血脂等。结果本地区558名中小学生HUA总检出率为37.4%,在性别及年级间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)且男童(45.2%)高于女童(29.6%);随着年级的增长学生UA水平由22.0%上升到64.1%,呈现升高的趋势,初一学生的UA水平最高,HUA检出率高达到64.1%;UA水平与中小学生体质指数、腰围以及甘油三酯水平呈正相关,与高密度脂蛋白水平呈负相关。肥胖儿童HUA检出率已高达到54.5%,远高于正常儿童的水平;腰围≥81 cm的学生HUA检出率也高达到75.5%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄及肥胖可能是中小学生UA水平变化的重要影响因素且男女之间存在显著差异,UA水平与脂代谢异常具有相关性。
Objective To understand the distribution of uric acid (UA) in primary and secondary school students in Miyun District, Beijing and related factors, and to provide evidence for further prevention of the disease associated with hyperuricemia (HUA). Methods A stratified multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 558 primary and secondary school students aged 6-14 years in our country as the survey subjects for questionnaire survey. The height, weight, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) were measured. The automatic biochemical analysis Instrument determination of serum uric acid, fasting blood glucose and blood lipids. Results The prevalence of HUA in 558 primary and middle school students in this area was 37.4%, with a significant difference between sex and grade (P <0.05) and in boys (45.2%) than girls (29.6%). The level of UA increased from 22.0% to 64.1%, showing a rising trend. The UA level of the first-year students was the highest, the HUA detection rate was 64.1%. The UA level was positively correlated with the body mass index, waist circumference and triglyceride level Related to high-density lipoprotein was negatively correlated. The prevalence of HUA in obese children was as high as 54.5%, much higher than that in normal children. The prevalence of HUA in students with waist circumference ≥81 cm was as high as 75.5% (both P <0.05). Conclusion Age and obesity may be important influencing factors for the UA level of primary and secondary school students. There is a significant difference between male and female students. There is a correlation between UA level and abnormal lipid metabolism.