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目的归纳分析当前抑癌基因PTEN与甲状腺肿瘤的相关研究,深化对甲状腺肿瘤发生及发展机理的认识。方法通过检索国内外文献获取近年来与PTEN基因及甲状腺肿瘤相关的文献资料并进行综述。结果PTEN基因突变、启动子甲基化等导致PTEN蛋白表达异常,可导致其下游PI3K、m TOR、FAK等多种信号分子异常激活,进而促进甲状腺良恶性肿瘤的发生及性质演进。结论 PTEN基因及其下游信号通路异常与甲状腺肿瘤的形成及病理性质恶化之间存在相关性,但目前具体机理仍未完全明确,仍有待进一步研究。
Objective To summarize and analyze the current research on the relationship between tumor suppressor gene PTEN and thyroid tumors and deepen the understanding of thyroid tumorigenesis and development mechanism. Methods The documents related to PTEN gene and thyroid tumor in recent years were retrieved and reviewed. Results PTEN gene mutation and promoter methylation led to abnormal expression of PTEN protein, which could lead to the abnormal activation of many downstream signaling molecules such as PI3K, m TOR, FAK and so on, which further promoted the occurrence and property evolution of benign and malignant thyroid tumors. Conclusion There is a correlation between the abnormal PTEN gene and its downstream signaling pathways and the formation of thyroid neoplasm and the pathological deterioration. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear and remains to be further studied.