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高层建筑设计需要确保建筑物的功能适用性和结构安全性,同时应该尽量减少施工材料用量,使建筑结构体系的受力合理。目前应用比较广泛的设计方法主要是采用试算、验证、修改的设计流程,消耗的设计时间和人力资源比较多,而最终确定的施工设计方案也不一定就是最好的。结构优化设计对建筑结构设计理论具有重要作用,结构优化设计的中心思想除了追求建筑物重量最轻、体积最小之外,同时需要实现建筑资源的合理配置。目前针对高层建筑结构优化设计的算法应用比较少,主要是因为建筑结构优化设计具有多变量、多目标、多工况和多约束的特点,复杂性较高,同时存在大量的不确定性因素。本文从我国目前高层建筑结构优化设计的现状入手,分析了建筑结构优化设计中存在的问题,详细介绍了基于遗传算法和准则法的高层建筑结构优化设计。
The high-rise building design needs to ensure the functional suitability and structural safety of the building, meanwhile, the amount of construction materials should be minimized so that the stress of the building structural system is reasonable. At present, the most widely used design method is to use trial design, verification and modification of the design process, consume more design time and human resources, and ultimately determine the construction design is not necessarily the best. The structural optimization design plays an important role in building structure design theory. In addition to the lightest building weight and the smallest volume, the central idea of structural optimization design also needs to realize the rational allocation of building resources. At present, the algorithms for optimizing the design of high-rise buildings are relatively few, mainly because of the multi-variable, multi-objective, multi-condition and multi-constraint characteristics of the optimal design of the building structure, with higher complexity and a large number of uncertainties. This article starts from the present situation of the optimal design of high-rise building in our country, analyzes the existing problems in the optimal design of the building structure, and introduces the optimization design of the high-rise building structure based on the genetic algorithm and the criterion in detail.