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背景:肺癌一直高居恶性肿瘤死因构成的首位,阐明居民肺癌死亡状况及趋势变化对于制定防治策略十分必要。目的:分析徐州城区居民肺癌死亡特征、死亡趋势及造成的潜在寿命损失。设计:回顾性描述流行病学分析。单位:徐州市疾病预防控制中心。对象:1990～2003年徐州市城区所有肺癌死亡病例3890例。方法:用粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡专率、潜在寿命损失年等指标统计分析,描述1990～2003年徐州市城区居民肺癌死亡特征及潜在寿命损失情况。主要观察指标:①肺癌的粗死亡率。②潜在寿命损失年。③减寿率。结果:①14年间,肺癌总计死亡3890例,占恶性肿瘤总死亡数的27.43%,②年平均死亡率为28.31/10万,标化死亡率为24.88/10万,居民肺癌死亡潜在寿命损失年合计24230人年,③减寿率为1.19/1000,标化减寿率为1.45/1000,每例肺癌死亡造成潜在寿命损失6.23岁;男性死亡率高于女性(χ2=575.70,P<0.01),男女性别比为2.31∶1,20岁以后男女性年龄别死亡专率均呈指数关系递增。结论:肺癌是威胁徐州市区居民生命健康最严重的恶性肿瘤之一,肺癌造成的潜在寿命损失较大,暴露于环境中致癌物量与肺癌的发生关系密切,故应积极启动对其预防和控制工作。
Background: Lung cancer has been the first place in the cause of death of malignant tumors. It is necessary to clarify the death status and trend of residents in lung cancer for the development of prevention and control strategies. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of death, lung cancer deaths and the potential loss of life expectancy in Xuzhou urban residents. Design: A retrospective description of epidemiological analysis. Unit: Xuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention. PARTICIPANTS: 3890 cases of death from lung cancer in urban area of Xuzhou City from 1990 to 2003. Methods: The mortality and potential loss of life expectancy of lung cancer in urban area of Xuzhou city from 1990 to 2003 were described by statistical analysis of crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, age-specific mortality rate and potential life-loss year index. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Crude death rate of lung cancer. ② potential loss of life years. ③ longevity rate. Results: ①The total number of lung cancer deaths was 3890 cases in 14 years, accounting for 27.43% of the total number of malignant tumors. ② The average annual mortality rate was 28.31 / 100000 and the standardized mortality rate was 24.88 / 100000. 24230 person-years, ③ the rate of longevity was 1.19 / 1000, and the standardized rate of longevity was 1.45 / 1000. Each case of lung cancer caused a potential loss of life expectancy of 6.23 years. The male mortality was higher than that of women (χ2 = 575.70, P <0.01) The male-to-female sex ratio was 2.31: 1, and the male and female age-specific mortality rates after the age of 20 increased exponentially. Conclusion: Lung cancer is one of the most serious malignant tumors that threaten the lives and health of urban residents in Xuzhou City. The potential life-loss loss caused by lung cancer is large. The carcinogenic quantity exposed to the environment is closely related to the occurrence of lung cancer. Therefore, it should be actively initiated to prevent and control jobs.