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为了探明菌核净的残留污染风险,在室内模拟和田间试验条件下,采用气相色谱法研究了菌核净在贵州植烟土壤及烟叶中的消解动态及其在土壤中消解的影响因子。结果表明:在供试条件下,土壤微生物对菌核净在土壤中的消解起着重要作用,其在灭菌土壤中的半衰期为未灭菌土壤的3.5倍;土壤类型、温度、含水量和菌核净浓度对其消解也有影响,在贵州5个地区植烟土壤中的消解速率由高到低依次为花溪土壤>黔南土壤>凯里土壤>遵义土壤>毕节土壤;土壤中菌核净的消解速率随土壤温度和含水量的增加而加快,随施药剂量的增加而减慢。田间试验结果表明,菌核净在烟叶和土壤中的半衰期分别为5.8和8.2 d。
In order to find out the risk of residual contamination of sclerotia, gas chromatography was used to study the digestion dynamics of sclerotium in Guizhou tobacco-planting soil and tobacco leaf and its influencing factors in soil digestion under indoor simulation and field experiments. The results showed that soil microbes played an important role in the digestion of sclerotium in the soil under the conditions of the test. The half-life in sterilized soil was 3.5 times that of the unsterilized soil. The soil type, temperature, water content and The net concentration of sclerotium had an impact on its digestion. The digestion rates of tobacco soil in five areas of Guizhou were as follows: Huaxi soil> Qiannan soil> Caili soil> Zunyi soil> Bijie soil; The digestion rate accelerated with the increase of soil temperature and water content, but slowed down with the increase of dose. Field experiments showed that the half-life of sclerotia in tobacco leaf and soil was 5.8 and 8.2 d, respectively.