论文部分内容阅读
目的了解零陵区城乡居民肿瘤防治相关知识、态度、行为和健康教育需求情况。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法,对样本单位35岁以上的常住居民进行问卷调查,应用EP16.0建立数据库,通过SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果肿瘤相关知识11项危险因素中,知晓率最高的是吸烟(66.49%),知晓率最低的是危险性行为和生育(9.34%),有7项农村与城区居民差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肿瘤早期相关信号识别率最高是疣或痣增大(71.12%),对信号识别差的是长期声音嘶哑、持续消化不良、发热、大便习惯改变,识别率分别为15.75%、21.47%、21.93%、21.93%。除疼痛1项外,余11项识别率农村与城区居民的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肿瘤相关预防措施中对坚持运动的预防措施认知最高(83.09%),对防止慢性感染的预防措施认知最差(25.17%)。农村与城区居民相比较,10项措施中,除不酗酒1项两者比较差异无统计学意义外,9项差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肿瘤相关不良生活习惯依次是饮酒(50.27%)、常吃盐腌熏烤食品(46.95%)、吸烟(31.81%)。10项行为中,8项差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),仅饮酒、常吃蔬菜2项城乡差异无统计学意义。95%以上的城乡居民愿意学习、了解肿瘤相关知识。结论零陵区城乡居民对肿瘤相关知识的知晓率、危险因素早期信号识别率以及预防措施知晓率均较低,城乡居民对肿瘤疾病危害和影响人民的生活、生存质量和平均寿命没有足够的了解和重视。提示,尽快加强相关防病知识与预防措施的健康教育迫在眉睫,危险因素和早期信号尤应成为重点的教育内容。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, behavior and health education needs of cancer prevention among urban and rural residents in Lingling District. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to survey the permanent residents over the age of 35 in the sample unit. The database was established by EP16.0 and analyzed by SPSS13.0 software. Results Among the 11 risk factors of cancer-related knowledge, the highest awareness rate was smoking (66.49%), the lowest awareness rate was risk behavior and childbirth (9.34%), and there were 7 differences between rural and urban residents (P <0.01). The highest recognition rate of early related signals was warts or moles (71.12%). The poor signal recognition was hoarse voice, continuous indigestion, fever and stool habit. The recognition rates were 15.75%, 21.47%, 21.93% , 21.93%. In addition to the 1 pain, there were 11 statistically significant differences between rural and urban residents (P <0.01). Among the cancer-related preventive measures, the highest awareness of preventive measures against exercise (83.09%) and the worst preventive measures against chronic infection (25.17%). Compared with urban residents, among the 10 measures, there was no significant difference among the 9 measures (P <0.01). Tumor-related unhealthy habits were alcohol (50.27%), salted smoked foods (46.95%), smoking (31.81%). Among 10 behaviors, 8 differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in drinking and eating vegetables between the two urban and rural areas. Over 95% of urban and rural residents are willing to learn about tumor-related knowledge. Conclusion The awareness rate of tumor-related knowledge, early signal recognition rate of risk factors and awareness of precautionary measures for both urban and rural residents in Lingling District are low. Urban and rural inhabitants do not fully understand the harmfulness of cancer diseases and their life, quality of life and life expectancy And attention. Prompted that as soon as possible to strengthen knowledge and preventive measures related to disease prevention and health education is imminent, risk factors and early signals especially should be the focus of education.