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以舟山沈家门港海底沉管隧道为原型,取纵向30 m建立1∶10缩尺寸模型,试验模拟了海水环境下注砂基础层的形成过程,采用水荷载来模拟均匀分布的施工荷载,研究碎石层、砂垫层、砂石混合基础层、存在回淤的砂石混合基础层的压缩过程和压缩模量Es,对比分析差异和原因。研究结果表明:施工期间基础层沉降随时间基本呈线性变化,单独碎石基础层、注砂法形成的密实砂盘、砂石复合基础层和大量回淤条件下砂石混合基础层的平均压缩模量Es分别为0.67,0.80,3.26和1.85 MPa,各工况沉降量的大小与基础层密实度有很大关系;施工过程中砂石的相互作用能大大增加整体的压缩模量,约4.4倍于无相互作用影响的理论组合,而回淤则会削弱此影响,大大减小压缩模量。
Taking the submarine immersed tunnel in Shenjiamen Port of Zhoushan as a prototype, a 1:10 scale model was established in a vertical direction of 30 m to simulate the formation process of the sand injection foundation under seawater environment. The water load was used to simulate the uniform load distribution. Crushed layer, sand cushion, sand and gravel mixed foundation layer, compression process and compressive modulus Es of silty sand mixed bed with silting, the differences and causes were compared and analyzed. The results show that the settlement of the foundation layer changes linearly with time. The average compression of the single gravel base layer, the compacted sand plate formed by the sand injection method, the sand and gravel composite foundation layer and the large amount of sand and gravel mixed foundation layer under back-silting The modulus Es is 0.67, 0.80, 3.26 and 1.85 MPa, respectively. The settlement amount of each condition has a great relation with the compaction degree of foundation layer. The interaction of sandstone during construction can greatly increase the overall compressive modulus, about 4.4 Fold as long as the theoretical combination of no interaction, and back silting will weaken this effect, greatly reducing the compressive modulus.