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目的了解深圳市龙岗区近年伤寒沙门菌的耐药性和同源性。方法收集深圳市龙岗区2004—2007年肠道传染病和食物中毒样品中的伤寒沙门菌并用生化和血清学方法进行鉴定,采用改良K-B法进行药敏试验,伤寒沙门菌基因组经限制性内切酶XbaI酶切后,采用脉冲场电泳(PFGE)获得电泳图谱,再利用BioNumerics软件对电泳图谱进行同源性分析。结果共分离到17株伤寒沙门菌,所有菌株均对青霉素和苯唑西林耐药,对第3代头孢菌素、氨基糖苷类、氟喹诺酮类、氯霉素和复方新诺明敏感。64.7%的菌株对3种或以上抗生素中度耐药或耐药。BioNumerics分析结果显示,共有14个不同的PFGE带型出现,除2株以外其余15株分布于3个相似性在85%以上的簇内。结论深圳市龙岗区伤寒沙门菌的耐药已经成为一种非常普遍的现象,需加强监测。氟喹诺酮类和第3代头孢菌素类抗生素在临床上治疗伤寒沙门菌感染仍然可以取得满意效果。深圳市龙岗区可能存在3个伤寒沙门菌的流行克隆,其传播可能是该区伤寒沙门菌发生的主要原因。
Objective To understand the drug resistance and homology of Salmonella typhi in Longgang District in Shenzhen City in recent years. Methods Salmonella typhi in intestinal infectious diseases and food poisoning samples collected from 2004 to 2007 in Longgang District of Shenzhen City were collected and identified by biochemical and serological methods. The susceptibility test was performed by improved KB method. The Salmonella typhi genome was subjected to restriction endonuclease Enzyme digested by XbaI, the use of pulsed-field electrophoresis (PFGE) obtained electrophoresis patterns, and then use BioNumerics software for homology analysis of electrophoresis patterns. Results A total of 17 Salmonella typhi strains were isolated. All strains were resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, and were sensitive to the third generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole. 64.7% strains were moderately resistant or resistant to three or more antibiotics. BioNumerics analysis showed that a total of 14 different PFGE bands appeared, with the exception of two strains of the remaining 15 distribution in three similar clusters in more than 85%. Conclusion The resistance of Salmonella typhi in Longgang District of Shenzhen City has become a very common phenomenon and monitoring needs to be strengthened. Fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics in the clinical treatment of Salmonella typhi infection can still be achieved with satisfactory results. There may be three epidemic clones of Salmonella typhi in Longgang district, Shenzhen. The spread may be the main reason for Salmonella typhi in this area.