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应力腐蚀破坏是化学工业设备中口益严重的问题,其中不锈钢结构的应力腐蚀破坏特别突出。据报导,日本在1965年—1975年十年间化工设备的破坏事故中,不锈钢的占65％,应力腐蚀在不锈钢结构的破坏事故中占60％以上,而在其他材料中只占13％。其主要原因是不锈钢结构中一般存在较高的残余应力。而没有任何加热温度适合不锈钢结构的 PWHT。需要加热1000℃以上的全固溶退火除工程上难以实施外,还会引起晶粒长大及析出脆相:固溶快冷可能诱导足以产生应力腐蚀开裂的新的残余应力:700—
Stress corrosion damage is a serious problem in the chemical industry equipment, of which the stress corrosion damage of stainless steel structure is particularly prominent. It is reported that 65% of Japan’s chemical equipment was damaged by chemical equipment in Japan during the decade of 1965-1975. Stress corrosion accounts for more than 60% of the damage caused by stainless steel structures and only 13% of other materials. The main reason is the stainless steel structure generally have higher residual stress. Without any PWHT with a heating temperature suitable for stainless steel construction. All-solid solution anneal, which requires heating above 1000 ° C, can cause grain growth and precipitation of brittle phases in addition to engineering difficulties: Rapid solidification can induce new residual stresses sufficient to produce stress corrosion cracking: 700-