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梅山铁矿为一巨透镜状盲矿体,埋藏于地表以下100～500米处,顶板为安山岩。采用无底柱分段崩落法开采,初期用人工强制崩落顶板20米厚作为安全垫层。但是随着开采深度的增加,空区逐渐扩大,垫层厚度亦有变化。为了安全生产,必须对顶板岩石破坏和空区冒落情况进行观测,以监视它的发展和掌握它的变化规律。我们所用的方法是在地表向顶板中打了9个钻孔,其中3个钻孔安装压缩木深部基点,观测顶板岩石的离层和位移。其它钻孔作
Meishan Iron Mine is a huge lenticular blind ore body, buried below the surface of 100 to 500 meters, the roof is andesite. Using bottomless pillar caving method mining, the initial forced to use artificial roof caving 20 meters thick as a safety cushion. However, with the increase of mining depth, the vacant area gradually expanded and the cushion thickness also changed. For the sake of safe production, it is necessary to observe the rock failure in the roof and the situation of empty areas in order to monitor its development and grasp its changing rules. The method we used was to drill nine holes into the roof at the surface. Three of the holes installed deep points of the compression wood to observe the delamination and displacement of the roof rock. Other drilling for