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为500 m口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)的中心反射面单元开合机构设计了一种特殊传动装置,可以将旋转运动转换为旋转与平移同时进行的复合运动。该装置可使开合机构打开和闭合FAST中心正五边形空间,使馈源舱可在中心反射面下方的停靠平台上降落和升起。对装置进行了自由度分析,针对采用右旋丝杠时导槽右旋和左旋两种方案,分别建立装置的三维模型,进行理论分析和动力学仿真及定性和定量的对比。理论分析和仿真结果一致表明:左旋方案中滑块和导槽之间力和力矩较小,选用此方案可减小电机输出转矩,增加机构使用寿命。
The center reflector unit opening and closing mechanism for a 500 m-diameter spherical radio telescope (FAST) has been designed as a special actuator that converts rotary motion into simultaneous compound motion of rotation and translation. The device enables the opening and closing mechanism to open and close the regular pentagonal space of the FAST center so that the feed capsule can be lowered and raised on the landing platform below the central reflecting surface. The degree of freedom of the device was analyzed. Aimed at the two schemes of dextral and leftward guideway of right-handed screw, the three-dimensional model of the device was established respectively, and the theoretical analysis, the dynamic simulation and qualitative and quantitative comparison were carried out. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the force and torque between the slider and the guideway are small in the left-handed scheme. This scheme can reduce the motor output torque and increase the service life of the mechanism.