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贸易开放不仅仅能够影响一国经济增长,并且能够影响一国经济活动的空间布局。本文在Krugman所构建新经济地理学模型基础上引入Wang和Zheng所提出的更加现实的非对称地理结构,分析贸易开放对一国内部经济地理的影响。本文利用中国2006—2012年279个地级行政单元的数据证明:靠近海外市场的区域更能从贸易开放中获利;贸易开放使人力资本丰富、人口密集的区域经济增长更快,经济活动倾向布局在这些区域。为了缩小区域差异,内陆地区需要不断加大教育投入,完善人才配套政策,吸引更多的人才聚集,加大力度鼓励创新;并且要不断完善国内基础设施建设,提高国内一体化水平,降低国内运输成本,促进区域之间要素的自由转移。
Trade liberalization can not only affect the economic growth of a country, but also affect the spatial layout of a country’s economic activities. Based on the new economic geography model constructed by Krugman, this paper introduces the more realistic asymmetric geographical structure proposed by Wang and Zheng, and analyzes the influence of trade openness on the economic geography of a country. This paper uses the data of 279 prefecture-level administrative units in China from 2006 to 2012 to prove that the areas close to the overseas markets can benefit more from the opening up of trade. The opening up of trade has resulted in the rapid growth of the regional economy with abundant human capital and dense population and the tendency of economic activity Lay out in these areas. In order to narrow regional disparities, inland areas need to continuously increase investment in education, improve talent pooling policies, attract more talents and intensify efforts to encourage innovation. They must also continue to improve domestic infrastructure construction, increase domestic integration, Transport costs and promote the free transfer of the elements between the regions.