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自 1973年 Liang发现固体电解质的“复合效应”以来,人们相继对许多复合体系进行了研究.复合固体电解质可看成是一个两相混合体,即电导率不太高的离子导体相和高度弥散的绝缘体(如Al_2O_3).复合体的离子电导率常常因复合效应而大大增强.业已提出一些唯象模型来解释这种复合效应,比较典型的是所谓空间电荷层模型,认为离子导体相与绝缘体相之间存在着原子或离子相互作用,从而在两相界面处产生附加缺陷浓度,形成一高电导的空间电荷层.然而有关复合效应的机理目前仍处于定性认识阶段.尽管如此,现已发现某些复合固体电解质可用做中温固体燃料电池、传感器等器件的新型固体电解质材料.例如,已发现Li_2SO_4-Al_2O_3,RbNO_3-Al_2O_3,CsNO_3-Al_2O_3等复合材料在中温区具有相当高的离子电导率;在含氢的环境(如氢浓差电池或氢-氧燃料电池)中质子电导率可达10~(-2)Ω~(-1)·cm~(-1)量级.在原理性燃料电池的实验研究中,用这些材料做固体电解质时,已显示出相当好的放电性能.本文报道关于硝酸钾-氧化铝复合固体电解质材料的结构以及在中温区的离子和质子导电性的研究.1 实验
Many complex systems have been studied successively since Liang discovered the “composite effect” of solid electrolytes in 1973. The composite solid electrolyte can be regarded as a two-phase mixture, that is, the ionic conductor phase and the highly dispersed (Such as Al 2 O 3) .The ionic conductivity of the composite is often greatly enhanced by the composite effect.Some phenomenological models have been proposed to explain this composite effect, the typical is the so-called space charge layer model, that the ionic conductor phase and the insulator There are atomic or ionic interactions between the phases, creating additional defect concentrations at the two-phase interface, forming a highly conductive space charge layer. However, the mechanisms involved in the recombination effect are still at the qualitative stage of recognition. However, it has been found For example, it has been found that Li 2 SO 4 -Al 2 O 3, RbNO 3 -Al 2 O 3, CsNO 3 -Al 2 O 3 and other composite materials have relatively high ionic conductivities in the mid-temperature region. For example, the composite solid electrolytes can be used as a new type of solid electrolyte material for medium temperature solid fuel cells, In hydrogen-containing environments (such as hydrogen concentration or hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell) proton conductivity up to 10 ~ (-2) Ω -1 cm -1 In the experimental study of the principle fuel cell, the solid electrolyte with these materials has been shown to have a good discharge performance.This paper reports about the effect of potassium nitrate oxidation Structure of Aluminum Composite Solid Electrolyte Materials and Study of Ionic and Proton Conductivity in Mid-temperature Area1 Experiment