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金融控股公司作为金融集团的一种组织架构既有“控股公司”的法律属性,又有“金融跨业”的经济属性。有限责任制度、存款保险制度、政府担保和控股公司自身的组织结构导致了极大的道德风险。金融监管当局及时调整监管制度安排,突破传统公司法中的有限责任制度,设立了加重责任制度,主要包括资本维持承诺、力量之源原则、银行关闭措施、交叉担保条款和资本回复方案。
As an organizational structure of financial conglomerates, financial holding companies have both the legal attribute of “holding company” and the economic attribute of “financial inter-industry”. The limited liability system, the deposit insurance system, the government guarantee and the holding company’s own organizational structure have caused great moral hazard. The financial regulatory authorities timely adjusted the arrangement of the regulatory system, broke through the limited liability system in the traditional company law, and set up an aggravated liability system, which mainly included the capital maintenance commitment, the principle of strength, the bank closure measures, the cross-guarantee provisions and the capital recovery plan.