论文部分内容阅读
目的:筛选老年下呼吸道感染肠杆菌科细菌168株,测定其对临床常用抗生素的耐药性。方法:采用K-B琼脂扩散法测定细菌对抗生素的敏感性,用双纸片协同法检测细菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(Extended Spectrum β-Lactarnases ESBLs)株。结果:168株细菌对常用抗生素的耐药率分别为:青霉素类86.9%,第一代头孢菌素类74.4%,第二代头孢菌素类51.8%,第三代头孢菌素类17.9%～37.5%,环丙沙星22.0%,丁胺卡那霉素9.5%。168株细菌产ESBLs 5株,3株对丁胺卡那霉素敏感,4株对环丙沙星敏感,5株对亚胺培南敏感。结论:对老年下呼吸道肠杆菌科细菌感染可选用氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖甙类、敏感的三代头孢菌素类及碳青霉烯类抗生素,而产ESBLs株不用三代头孢菌素类抗生素。
OBJECTIVE: To screen 168 Enterobacteriaceae strains of elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection and determine their resistance to antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice. Methods: K-B agar diffusion method was used to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics. Extended-spectrum β-lactams ESBLs strains were detected by double disc synergy assay. Results: The resistance rates of 168 strains to commonly used antibiotics were: 86.9% of penicillins, 74.4% of first-generation cephalosporins, 51.8% of second-generation cephalosporins, 17.9% 37.5%, ciprofloxacin 22.0%, amikacin 9.5%. There were 5 strains of ESBLs producing 168 strains of bacteria, 3 strains sensitive to amikacin, 4 strains sensitive to ciprofloxacin and 5 strains sensitive to imipenem. Conclusion: Fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sensitive third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenem-based antibiotics are the most common antibiotics for Enterobacteriaceae in elderly lower respiratory tract. ESBLs producing strains do not need third-generation cephalosporins.