论文部分内容阅读
长期以来,固有免疫被认为是非特异性的,因为固有免疫的主要功能是消化病原体并将抗原提呈给参与获得性免疫的细胞。然而,最近研究表明固有免疫并不是非特异性的,反而能够通过进化保守的受体Toll样受体(TLR)充分特异性区分自我和病原体。固有免疫除了在宿主早期防御病原体侵入起着重要作用外,TLR能够作为佐剂的受体建立天然和获得性免疫之间的桥梁,并对介导适应性免疫有着重要作用。这一模式的转变改变了我们对免疫和过敏性疾病发病机制和治疗的看法。本文将对TLR识别病原体的机制进行综述,并讨论TLR在过敏性哮喘发展和治疗中的作用。
For a long time, innate immunity was considered nonspecific because the main function of innate immunity is to digest pathogens and present them to cells that are involved in adaptive immunity. However, recent studies have shown that innate immunity is not nonspecific but rather allows for the specific differentiation between the self and the pathogen through the evolutionarily conserved receptor Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In addition to the innate immunity plays an important role in the host defense against pathogen invasion in the early stage, TLR can serve as a bridge between natural and acquired immunity as an adjuvant receptor and play an important role in mediating adaptive immunity. This paradigm shift has changed our perception of the pathogenesis and treatment of immune and allergic diseases. This article reviews the mechanisms by which TLRs recognize pathogens and discusses the role of TLRs in the development and treatment of allergic asthma.