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目的结合WHO推荐的饮水砷卫生标准(0.01mg/L)和我国农村分散式供水采用的饮水砷卫生标准(0.05mg/L),初步探讨不同浓度饮水砷暴露人群的砷代谢状况和甲基化水平。方法于2008年10月选择山西高砷地区不同饮水砷浓度暴露的部分成年人为研究对象,高暴露组124人,饮水砷浓度≥0.05mg/L;低暴露组154人,0.01mg/L≤饮水砷浓度<0.05mg/L;对照组70人,饮水砷浓度<0.01mg/L。采用氢化物发生原子吸收分光光度法检测其尿中不同形态的砷代谢产物。结果随着饮水砷暴露浓度的升高,尿中各种形态砷代谢产物以及总砷含量也逐渐增高(P<0.05)。在同一水砷浓度暴露水平下,高暴露组中女性DMA,TAs含量以及SMR水平显著高于男性(P<0.05);低暴露组和对照组iAs、MMA、DMA、TAs含量、FMR和SMR水平在不同性别间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高暴露组中60岁～人群FMR水平显著高于18～39岁人群和40～49岁人群(P<0.05)。而低暴露组与对照组内不同年龄段人群FMR和SMR水平均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论成人在较高饮水砷暴露水平下,女性二甲基化能力高于男性,高年龄组显示甲基化能力增强。在低饮水砷暴露条件下,性别、年龄对机体甲基化能力未见明显影响。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the arsenic metabolism status and methylation status of arsenic exposed people with different concentrations of drinking water in combination with WHO recommended standard of drinking water arsenic (0.01mg / L) and drinking water arsenic standard (0.05mg / L) Level. Methods In October 2008, some adults who were exposed to different concentrations of arsenic in drinking water in high arsenic area of Shanxi were selected as study objects. The high exposure group was 124, the arsenic concentration in drinking water was more than 0.05mg / L, the low exposure group was 154, 0.01mg / L, Arsenic concentration <0.05mg / L; control group of 70 people, drinking water arsenic concentration <0.01mg / L. Arsenic metabolites of different forms in urine were detected by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results With the increase of arsenic exposure in drinking water, various forms of arsenic metabolites and total arsenic in urine also gradually increased (P <0.05). The levels of DMA, TAs and SMR in high exposure group were significantly higher than those in male (P <0.05) at the same water arsenic exposure level. The levels of iAs, MMA, DMA and TAs, FMR and SMR in low exposure group and control group There was no significant difference between different genders (P> 0.05). The FMR level of the 60-year-old population in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the 18-39-year-old population and the 40-49-year-old population (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in FMR and SMR levels between low exposure group and control group in different age groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion Adults with higher levels of arsenic in drinking water have higher levels of methylation in females than in males, and in older age groups, methylation levels are enhanced. Under low exposure to arsenic, sex and age had no significant effect on the methylation capacity of the body.