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目的研究云南苗族常染色体9个STR基因座遗传多态性并分析其遗传结构。方法采用荧光标记PCR复合扩增、基因扫描自动分型技术调查了87名云南苗族无关健康个体9个STR基因座等位基因分布情况。结果9个基因座共检出52种等位基因和109种基因型,等位基因频率分布在0.005 7～0.718 4。经计算杂合度(H)为0.402 3～0.8161、多态信息量(PIC)为0.4090～0.8057、个体识别力(DP)为0.6429～0.943 6、非父排除率(PE)为0.115 3～0.565 4。x~2检验显示所有基因座均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。聚类分析结果显示,苗族、僳僳族、傣族、德昂族、普米族及景颇族遗传关系较近。结论为进一步研究STR遗传结构奠定了基础,在人类学、法医学等领域也有重要的应用价值。
Objective To study the genetic polymorphism of nine STR loci in Yunnan Miao Autonomous Prefecture and analyze its genetic structure. Methods The distribution of alleles of nine STR loci in 87 Yunnan Miao unrelated healthy individuals was investigated by fluorescence-labeled PCR amplification and gene-scanning auto-typing. Results A total of 52 alleles and 109 genotypes were detected in 9 loci. The allele frequency distribution ranged from 0.005 7 to 0.718 4. The calculated heterozygosity (H) ranged from 0.402 3 to 0.8161, PIC from 0.4090 to 0.8057, DP from 0.6429 to 0.943 6, and PE from 0.115 3 to 0.565 4 . The x ~ 2 test showed that all loci met the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Cluster analysis showed that Miao, Lisu, Dai, De’ang, Pumi and Jingpo had close genetic relationship. Conclusion The study laid the foundation for the further study of STR genetic structure and also had important application value in the fields of anthropology and forensic science.