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棉花是一种较特殊的经济作物,它对生态环境既有广泛的适应性,又有敏感的选择性,因此,生态环境诸因素中的任一因素的变化,都会影响其生长发育的进程,以及产量的高低和品质的优劣。根据上述特点,采取某些技术措施调控棉田生态环境,就可能促使棉花向有利于早熟、高产、优质的方向发展。 1980年新疆石河子农科所等单位,引用塑料薄膜地面覆盖栽培技术,对棉花进行小面积试验(简称地膜棉花),由于地面覆盖塑膜后,改善了棉田土壤温、水、肥等生态因素,促使棉花向有利高产的方向发展,从而获得了217.0～271.5斤/亩的好收成,比裸地栽培的棉花增产40.0～54.2％。1981年南、北疆各植棉垦区大面积试种、试验地膜棉花,面积达二万
Cotton is a special kind of cash crop. It has a wide range of adaptability and sensitivity to the ecological environment. Therefore, the change of any factor in the ecological environment will affect the process of its growth and development, And the level of output and quality advantages and disadvantages. According to the above characteristics, the adoption of certain technical measures to control the ecological environment of cotton fields may promote the development of cotton in favor of precociousness, high yield and high quality. In 1980, Shihezi Agricultural Research Institute of Xinjiang and other units referred to the plastic film ground cover cultivation technique to conduct a small-area test on cotton (hereinafter referred to as plastic film cotton). After the plastic film was covered on the ground, ecological factors such as soil temperature, water and fertilizer in the cotton field were improved, The cotton yield increased from 217.0 to 271.5 kg / mu. The yield was 40.0-54.2% higher than that of bare-cropped cotton. In 1981, a large area of cotton planting and reclamation area in northern and northern Xinjiang was planted with large area to test cotton mulch covering an area of 20,000