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费孝通在《乡土中国与乡土重建》开篇就写道:“从基层上看去,中国社会是乡土性的”1。对于以农耕为主要生产方式的传统中国人来说,土地是最重要的生产资料,是立身之本,并在此基础上建立了整个中国社会结构,它以自给自足的生产方式和相对封闭的生活方式为基本特征,在此基础上产生了具有自身特色的乡村伦理关系和道德生活样式。乡土这个概念在二十世纪六七十年代的台湾地区发生了根本性的变化。随着新的国际分工和资本输出的需要,美、日等资本主义国家的势力在台湾急遽扩张,台湾渐次被整合进国际资本主义体系内,被改造为适合于
Fei Xiaotong wrote at the opening of “Local China and Local Reconstruction:” “From a grass-roots perspective, Chinese society is indigenous.” For the traditional Chinese who take farming as the main mode of production, land is the most important means of production and the foundation of the foundation. On this basis, the entire Chinese social structure has been established. Land is self-sufficient and relatively closed Lifestyle as the basic characteristics, on the basis of which has produced its own characteristics of rural ethical relations and moral life style. The concept of native land has undergone fundamental changes in Taiwan in the 1960s and 1970s. With the new international division of labor and the need for capital exports, the forces of the capitalist countries such as the United States and Japan have been rapidly expanding in Taiwan. Taiwan has gradually been integrated into the international capitalist system and has been transformed into a suitable