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【目的】研究大理烟区烟叶内生真菌的多样性及分布特征。【方法】通过形态特征和ITS-rDNA序列分析对获得的菌株进行分类。【结果】从烟草叶片中共分离得到内生真菌1 568株,分别归于31个属,在属水平上的优势菌群为链格孢属(Alternaria)和镰孢属(Fusarium),分别占真菌总数的40.79%和18.73%。【结论】烟草内生真菌的数量、种类、多样性和分布分别在不同部位叶片间和不同地区间存在差异,在下部叶数量较多,而上部叶的种类较多,多样性更丰富。随着烟草的发育成熟,内生真菌数量、种类和多样性增加,在现蕾期和成熟期最大。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity and distribution of endophytic fungi in Dali tobacco. 【Method】 The obtained strains were classified by morphological characteristics and ITS-rDNA sequence analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that 1 568 endophytic fungi were isolated from tobacco leaves, which belonged to 31 genera, respectively. The dominant genera of genus were Alternaria and Fusarium, Of the 40.79% and 18.73%. 【Conclusion】 The number, species, diversity and distribution of endophytic fungi in tobacco leaves were different in different parts of the leaves and in different regions. There were more leaves in the lower leaves and more leaves in the upper leaves with more diversity. With the maturity of tobacco, the number, species and diversity of endophytic fungi increased, with the largest in budding and maturity stages.