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拉美国家在改革国有企业前一般都制定了有关法律 ,对涉及改革的一些重大原则问题作出明确规定。多数国家对改革采取了循序渐进的步骤 ,并对不同企业采取了不同的改革方式。国有企业改革提高了企业的经济效益 ,改善了国家的财政状况 ,促进了拉美产业结构的变化和经济国际化趋势的加强。但它也导致失业率的上升、社会两极分化趋势的加剧和少数人垄断经济现象的出现。
Prior to the reform of state-owned enterprises, Latin American countries generally formulated relevant laws and made clear provisions on some major principles concerning the reform. Most countries took gradual and orderly steps toward reform and adopted different ways of reform for different enterprises. The reform of state-owned enterprises has raised the economic efficiency of enterprises, improved the state's financial situation, promoted the changes in the industrial structure in Latin America and strengthened the trend of economic internationalization. However, it has also led to an increase in the unemployment rate, an aggravating trend of social polarization and the emergence of a few monopolistic economic phenomena.