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目的探讨我市制鞋工慢性正己烷中毒的临床特点及预后。方法对2 3例慢性正己烷中毒病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果(1)2 2例(9 5.6%)以头昏、乏力、四肢远端皮肤麻木为首发症状,14例(占6 0.8 7%)手工刷胶工患者皮肤麻木上肢先于下肢,1 3例(占5 6.5%)出现小腿肌肉疼痛,临床检查可见四肢末端触、痛觉减弱,膝反射减弱(7 3.9%),肌力减退7例(占3 0.4%)。(2)神经-肌电图检测均显示神经原性损害(100%)。(3)经6个月入院治疗后,2 2例(占9 5.7%)症状及肌电图均有明显改善,且肌电图先于神经传导速度恢复,未见有严重神经系统功能缺损病例。结论制鞋工慢性正已烷中毒以周围神经系统损害为主,经治疗后轻、中度中毒患者预后较好,早期发现、早期治疗,对提高患者生活质量具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of chronic n-hexane poisoning in shoe-making workers in our city. Methods The data of 23 chronic n-hexane poisoning cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results (1) Twenty-two (9 5.6%) patients had dizzy, weakness and remote numbness of the limbs as the first symptom. 14 cases (6 0.8 7%) had hand nurse, Cases (5 6.5%) showed calf muscle pain. In clinical examination, extremities touches, pain relief decreased, knee reflexes decreased (7 3.9%), muscle weakness was found in 7 cases (3 0.4%). (2) Neuro-EMG tests showed neurogenic damage (100%). (3) After 6 months of admission, 22 cases (9 5.7%) had obvious symptoms and electromyogram, and the electromyogram was recovered before the nerve conduction velocity. There were no serious cases of nervous system dysfunction . Conclusion Chronic n-hexane poisoning is mainly caused by peripheral nervous system damage. After treatment, patients with mild and moderate poisoning have a good prognosis. Early detection and early treatment are of great significance to improve the quality of life of patients.