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“迁移”(transfer)属于心理学范畴,是指学习过程中学习者已有的知识或技能对新知识或新技能的获得所产生影响的现象。语言迁移理论提出于50年代,它是指在第二语言或外语学习中,学习者在用目的语交际时,由于不熟悉目的语规则而自觉或不自觉地运用母语的语音、词义、结构规则或文化习惯来处理目的语信息的现象。语言迁移有两种:正迁移(posutive transfer)和负迁移(negative transfer)。当母语的某些特征同目的语相类似或完全一致时,往往出现正迁移;而当母语与目的语的某些特点不同时,学习者在使用目的语进行交际时借助于母语的一些规则就会产生负迁移现象。
“Transfer” belongs to the category of psychology and refers to the phenomenon that learners’ existing knowledge or skills affect the acquisition of new knowledge or new skills during the learning process. Language transfer theory was put forward in the 1950s. It refers to the second language or foreign language learning, learners in the target language of communication, because they are not familiar with the rules of the target language consciously or unconsciously use the mother tongue voice, meaning, structure rules Or cultural habits to deal with the phenomenon of target language information. There are two types of language migration: posutive transfer and negative transfer. When some features of the mother tongue are similar or completely consistent with the target language, positive migration often occurs. When some characteristics of the mother language and the target language are different, the learners use the native language when communicating through the target language Will have negative migration phenomenon.