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复合介孔二氧化硅膜是近十年来发展起来的一种具有独特孔中孔结构的新型膜材料。该材料以多孔膜(无机多孔膜或者有机多孔膜)为硬模板,以表面活性剂为结构导向剂,通过溶胶-凝胶等方法将介孔二氧化硅材料组装在多孔膜的孔道中制备而成。由于其具有不同于传统介孔二氧化硅膜材料的一些独特结构和性能,并在分离、吸附和催化等领域具有广泛的应用前景,引起了人们广泛的关注。本文主要就复合介孔二氧化硅膜的制备方法,特别是近几年内其在纳滤、纳米材料的模板合成、酶的固定、传感器、反应器以及药物释放等方面最新的应用研究进展进行论述,同时对这类新型的复合介孔二氧化硅膜材料在合成和应用方面存在的问题进行了分析和总结,并对其发展前景作了展望。
Composite mesoporous silica membrane is a new type of membrane material with unique pore mesoporous structure developed in recent ten years. The material takes a porous film (inorganic porous film or organic porous film) as a hard template and a surfactant as a structure-oriented agent, and prepares the mesoporous silica material by assembling the mesoporous silica material into the pores of the porous film by a sol-gel method and the like to make. Due to its unique structure and properties that are different from the traditional mesoporous silica membrane materials, and has wide application prospects in the fields of separation, adsorption and catalysis, it has drawn much attention. In this paper, the latest research progress of composite mesoporous silica membranes is reviewed, especially in recent years, such as nanofiltration, template synthesis of nanomaterials, immobilization of enzymes, sensors, reactors and drug release At the same time, the problems in the synthesis and application of these new type of composite mesoporous silica membrane materials are analyzed and summarized, and the prospect of their development is also forecasted.