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目的掌握许昌市人间布病疫情流行趋势,为科学有效的防控提供依据。方法采用Excel 2013对数据进行整理,采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析,运用描述性流行病学方法对2014年疫情年报及疫情资料及流行病学调查资料进行分析。结果 2014年许昌市共报告布病病例101例,发病率为2.36/10万,无死亡病例和暴发疫情报告;重点人群感染率为5.50%,患病率为1.34%;病例主要分布在禹州市(41例)、襄城县(26例)、许昌县(14例)和长葛市(10例),占全部病例的90.10%,波及范围在不断扩大;疫情均为散发,春夏秋季高发,男性高于女性,以农村中老年从事羊只养殖人员为主。重点人群布病防治知识知晓率为16.80%~60.00%,平均为48.41%;健康防护行为形成率为19.00%~72.48%,平均为55.10%;通过宣传,布病防治知识知晓率平均达90.06%,为83.00%~98.00%之间;健康防护行为形成率平均达到86.38%,为73.18%~98.00%之间。结论许昌市人间布病疫情在未来几年仍将保持持续上升的趋势,疫情波及范围不断扩大,局部存在发生暴发疫情的可能性,应加大防控力度。
Objective To grasp the epidemic trend of human brucellosis in Xuchang city and provide the basis for scientific and effective prevention and control. Methods The data were sorted by Excel 2013 and analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software. The descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the annual reports of 2014 and epidemiological data and epidemiological survey data. Results In 2014, a total of 101 cases of brucellosis were reported in Xuchang City, with a morbidity of 2.36 / 100 000. There were no deaths or outbreaks reported. The prevalence rate of key population was 5.50% and the prevalence was 1.34%. The cases were mainly located in Yuzhou (41 cases), Xiangcheng County (26 cases), Xuchang County (14 cases), and Changge City (10 cases), accounting for 90.10% of the total cases. The epidemic range was continuously expanding. The epidemic situation was distributed in spring, summer, autumn High incidence, men than women, mainly in rural middle-aged sheep breeding staff. The awareness rate of prevention and control of brucellosis in key population was 16.80% ~ 60.00%, with an average of 48.41%; the formation rate of health protection behaviors was 19.00% ~ 72.48%, with an average of 55.10%; the awareness rate of prevention and control of brucellosis reached 90.06% , Between 83.00% and 98.00%. The formation rate of health protection behaviors reached an average of 86.38%, ranging from 73.18% to 98.00%. Conclusion The epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Xuchang City will continue to rise continuously in the next few years. The scope of the outbreak of epidemics will continue to expand and the possibility of an outbreak of epidemic situation will exist locally. Therefore, prevention and control should be stepped up.