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研究开发(特别是大学的研究开发)是否应当以及怎样和经济发展挂钩现在已成为各国普遍关注的问题。《自然》杂志最近发表的一篇文章对于把市场力量引入科学研究的前景进行了探讨,并提出了一些颇有独到之处的见解。市场力量现在已被公认为调节经济活动的最有效的手段。经济学家认为,市场体系中风险越大、收益越高的特点以及通过竞争获得收益的特点是市场可以激发经济活力的基本原因。但是,科学研究和高等教育体系是否也必须受这股力量的支配?从历史上看,许多国家(特别是西欧国家)的科学研究和大学教育一直保持着自身的传统,俨然形成一个与市场无关的世外桃源。美国的大学受
Whether research and development (especially university research and development) should and should be linked to economic development has now become a matter of universal concern. An article recently published in Nature explores the prospect of introducing market forces into scientific research and offers some very original insights. Market forces are now recognized as the most effective means of regulating economic activity. Economists believe that the more risky the market system, the more profitable it is and the way it gains profits through competition is the basic reason why the market can stimulate economic vitality. However, must the scientific research and the system of higher education also be governed by this force? Historically, scientific research and university education in many countries (especially in Western European countries) have always maintained their own tradition of forming a market-independent one Paradise. American university subject